there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream Once you are finished, click the button below. Senators? State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". The historian (i.e., the teacher) will preside over the presentations and discussions and help the class distill the information gathered so that the class, together, can compose a two-page brief for the historian summarizing the impact of the Reconstruction debate over voting rights on the politics of the nation in 1877. one of the closest races in American history. They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. Question 4 Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? wF.*is5oGYqUTsaqrY)$y, "beVv1=;"urk{k"56#UEli[EB9}qJ=YY@jOU{[89K,2M`` Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. dzB;. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in the country and, subsequently, how these attitudes helped or hindered politics upon the conclusion of the Reconstruction era. What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. (Ge,YAjB%f~&L uG0Bqw4$VFF[RN ;J_:;`' There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. There was no profit for workers. Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting. bookmarked pages associated with this title. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region %%EOF In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? Enough Republican senators appreciated the fact that Johnson's offenses were political and that they did not fall under the high crimes and misdemeanors specified in the Constitution for presidential impeachment. answer choices True False Question 19 30 seconds Q. What was the congressional response? WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. universal male suffrage, However, Congress refused to seat the newly elected senators and representatives from the South. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. Yes, a few. How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] Amnesty was granted to any southerner who took an oath of allegiance, with the exception of Confederate officials, officers, and wealthy landowners. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. from your Reading List will also remove any EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. 132 0 obj <>stream How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. about the italicized questions to help you form your answers/opinions. Under the Constitution, the House of Representatives acts as a grand jury in impeachment cases and determines whether there is enough evidence to bring an official to trial. Booth assassinated President Lincoln on April 14, 1865 during the performance of a play in Washington, D.C.s Fords Theater. The Southerners saw the Freedmen's Bureau as an organization giving free food to freedmen but never requiring them to work, making them lazy. What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? still conservative Republicans. These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. Why did white southerners move to take the vote away from blacks at the end of the century? Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. endstream endobj 110 0 obj <>/Metadata 10 0 R/Outlines 25 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 107 0 R/StructTreeRoot 32 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 111 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 112 0 obj <>stream pF{:RTV The impeachment of Johnson. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. They passed two bills. Much of the South lay in ruins with The objective is to show the students how the combination of facts, opinions, statistics, and pictures can broaden their understanding of a subject. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. On September 111, 193919391939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Reconstruction in Practice. If loading fails, click here to try again. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. 414 0 obj <> endobj It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. 2. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in Microbiology CH9 Genetic Change and Genome Ev. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? Same as Lincoln's but military officials and persons with property worth more than $20,000 had to apply directly to the President for a pardon. they became caught up in debt. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. Think. Underline each complement and indicate what kind of complement each one is. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. B 9. Johnson versus Congress. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. Resources that rely on Adobe Flash Player are no longer supported. Who had been his early political supporters? It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The Amnesty Act of 1872 completely flipped the script on Southern politics and halted the progress being made by Reconstruction efforts. Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. Only in South Carolina. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. Also, this page requires javascript. TQSCQIf@*$ Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of separate but equal was being followed. 0 it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI &l&a81r``Hs20A4 dUf ` The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? It was left to the Senate to try the presidentwith Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase presidingand determine whether he should be removed from office. Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. The central question of Reconstruction was how to reunite a badly divided country fractured by four years of civil war. HU=s0+E{r\Ivtv($ *]L0/ u-HKX~9T Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d HUj@}WDn! Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. HUn0+(cj , @X! Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. But how much really changed? How did whites regain political control in the south? the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. Both African Americans and whites were part of the carpetbagger migration. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? Compare Allende's description of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the narrator and Petrus in "Six Feet of the Country". plan was the easiest on the South? Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN Webshark diving captions; how old is linda olsen global news calgary; commercial property for lease manatee county; woah oh oh oh ohhh song 80s Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. 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Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? 436 0 obj <>stream Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. Ex. endstream endobj startxref What tactic was used? To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. was a name for southern whites who supported Reconstruction in the South, often Republican. It contributed to a chastening of Republican ambitions in the South and forced the party to concentrate on maintaining its base of support in the North rather than growing the party in Dixie. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. The 10 year period after the Civil War is. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. 109 0 obj <> endobj Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? Where did most black Americans live in 1900? The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional Women still could not vote. endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>stream Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. %PDF-1.5 % Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. 75RockiCr ? Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. This represented the reversal of that portion of the Dred Scott decision which ruled that black people were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ No. They were northerners who came south for jobs. Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? It was drafted according to the Ten-Percent Plan It gave blacks the right to vote Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. 0. %PDF-1.5 % many became sharecroppers. It was approved by both houses in June 1866. They gave land to the railroads. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions.
